Below are a few examples of using plot() function in R:

set.seed(1919)              
x <- rnorm(1000)
y <- x + rnorm(1000)
plot(x, y)

Example 1: Basic Scatterplot in R

A Scatterplot with Default Specifications in Base R

Example 2: Scatterplot with User-Defined Title & Labels

plot(x, y,                                        
     main = "Scatterplot",
     xlab = "X-Values",
     ylab = "Y-Values")

Scatterplot with User-Defined Main Title & Axis Label

Example 3: Regression

plot(x1, y1)                   
abline(lm(y1 ~ x1), col = "red")

Regression line in R

Example 4: Density Plot in R

plot(density(x1)) 

Density plot in R

Example 5: Plot with Colors & PCH According to Group

group <- rbinom(1000, 1, 0.3) + 1  
plot(x1, y1,                                   
     main = "Plot",
     xlab = "X-Values",
     ylab = "Y-Values",
     col = group,
     pch = group)

Adding Grouping Variable.

Example 6: Plot Multiple Densities in Same Plot

plot(density(x1))
lines(density(y1), col = "red")

Plot Multiple Densities in Same Plot

Example 7: plot() and legend()

head(pressure)
temperature pressure
1           0   0.0002
2          20   0.0012
3          40   0.0060
4          60   0.0300
5          80   0.0900
6         100   0.2700
plot(pressure)
plot(pressure, col="red", pch=19)
points(pressure$temperature/2, pressure$pressure,col="blue", pch=17)
legend("topleft", c("line 1","line 2"), pch=c(19,17), col=c("red","blue"))

plot() and legend()

Example 8: Label data points

plot(pressure)
abline(h= 247, v=300, col="red", lty=2)

Sine plot

Example 9: Singe plot

x = seq(-pi,pi,0.1)
y = sin(x)
plot(x,y)

Label data points

Example 10: Matrix of Scatterplots

set.seed(42424)
x <- rnorm(500)
y <- x + rnorm(500)
z <- runif(500) 
data <- data.frame(x, y, z)
pairs(data)

Matrix of Scatterplots

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Reference:

1. R documentation
2. Linear regression from Wikipedia
3. The Bell Curve Theory